Chapter 5 Popular Struggles and Movements Very Short Answer Questions
Question 1. Who are insurgents?
Answer:
Insurgents are a group of people who fight against the government or army of their own country, usually because they want a different system of government.
Question 2. State any two examples of single-issue movements.
Answer:
Environmental movement (Tehri Dam Project) and Narmada Bachao Andolan (Movement).
Question 3. What popular political movement took place in Bolivia?
Answer:
Bolivia is a poor country in Latin America. Under the pressure of the World Bank, the government gave up its control of municipal water supply.
The government sold these rights for the city of Cochabamba to a multinational company (MNC).
The Company increased the price of water by four times. This led to a spontaneous popular protest.
Question 4. When did Nepal become a Constitutional Monarchy? What was
its one great impact?
Answer:
Nepal became a Constitutional Monarchy in.1990. Its one great impact was that the power passed into the hands of the elected representatives of the people. The hierarchical king who was a real head became a Constitutional head of the state, a mere figurehead.
Question 5. What is NAPM? Mention its importance.
Answer:
NAPM —National Alliance for People’s Movement.
To bring various movements who are struggling with specific issues.
To coordinate the activities of a large number of people’s movements.
Question 6. What do you mean by Bolivia’s Water War?
Answer:
Bolivia is a poor country in Latin America. Due to the pressure of the World Bank, the government sold the control of the water supply to a multinational company.
As the MNC increased the price of water by four times, people protested and it led to a popular movement which later came to be known as Bolivia’s Water War.
Question 7. What was Nepal’s second movement for democracy about?
Answer:
Nepal’s second movement for democracy was about making Nepal a democratic country by cutting the wings of the absolute monarch by taking all powers from the king and transferring them to the elected representatives of the people.
Question 8. What is a movement? What are its main features?
Answer:
A movement is a group of people who share the same beliefs or ideas or who are trying to achieve a particular aim.
- Their chief aim is not to attain power in the government but to work for the common objective or interest of the masses.
- These are loose organisations and their decision-making is very informal and flexible. They mostly rely on public participation.
Question 9. Write the principal concern of sectional interest groups.
Answer:
- The principal concern of sectional interest groups is the betterment and well-being of their members and not the society.
- For example, trade union worker’s aim is the benefit of the employees and not the whole society in general.
Question 10. What is BAMCEF? Mention its principal concern.
Answer:
Backward and Minority Communities Employees Federation (BAMCEF) is an organization made up of government employees. They campaign against caste discrimination and their main aim is to achieve social justice and social equality.
Question 11. Define election.
Answer:
An election is a process that ensures the government of the people through universal adult suffrage as per the tenure and terms enshrined in the Indian Constitution.
Question 12. What is a Ballot paper?
Answer:
A token that represents individual consent for the candidates under the electioneering process. Now it has been replaced by EVM (Electronic Voting Machine).