NEET Biology Chapter 1 The Fundamental Unit Of Life Multiple Choice Questions

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NEET Biology  Chapter 1 The Fundamental Unit Of Life Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. A science student was viewing a rose plant cell through an electron microscope, where the student observed the presence of a hard rigid wall and a very thin delicate wall in the cell enclosing the cytoplasm.

How can we call that thin delicate wall?

  1. Cell wall
  2. Middle lamella
  3. Plasma membrane
  4. Nuclear membrane

Answer. 3. Plasma membrane

Question 2. Gaseous exchange in amoeba takes place through

  1. Osmosis
  2. Photosynthesis
  3. Diffusion
  4. Exosmosis

Answer. 3. Diffusion

NEET Biology Chapter 1 The Fundamental Unit Of Life mcqs

Question 3. In ______, permease assists a molecule to diffuse through the membrane that it cannot penetrate alone.

  1. Facilitated transport or diffusion
  2. Active diffusion
  3. Osmosis
  4. Pinocytosis

Answer. 1. Facilitated transport or diffusion

Question 4. Name the ‘energy currency of the cell’.

  1. GTP
  2. ATP
  3. DTP
  4. ADP

Answer. 2. ATP

Question 5. Phagocytosis is

  1. Cell eating
  2. Cell drinking
  3. Cell death
  4. Cell vomiting

Answer. 1. Cell eating

Question 6. Pinocytosis is

  1. Cell eating
  2. Cell drinking
  3. Cell death
  4. Cell vomiting

Answer. 2. Cell drinking

Question 7. Exocytosis is

  1. Cell eating
  2. Cell drinking
  3. Cell death
  4. Cell vomiting

Answer. 4. Cell vomiting

Question 8. The cell wall consists of minute cellulose fibres called

  1. Microfibrils
  2. Microsomes
  3. Microtubules
  4. Microns

Answer. 1. Microfibrils

Question 9. Name the ’protein factories of a cell’.

  1. Peroxisomes
  2. Lysosomes
  3. Ribosomes
  4. Nucleus

Answer. 3. Ribosomes

Question 10. Genes are the discrete segments of

  1. RNA
  2. ATP
  3. mRNA
  4. DNA

Answer. 4. DNA

Question 11. ______ provides a specific shape to the chromosomes owing to its position.

  1. Centromere
  2. Centriole
  3. Peroxisome
  4. Oxysome

Answer. 1. Centromere

Question 12. Human beings have ______ pairs of chromosomes.

  1. 21
  2. 22
  3. 23
  4. 46

Answer. 3. 23

Question 13. Diffusion is fastest in

  1. Solid phase
  2. Liquid phase
  3. Semi-solid phase
  4. Gaseous phase

Answer. 4. Gaseous phase

Question 14. What will happen when a cell is kept in an isotonic solution?

  1. Shape of the cell changes.
  2. Size of the cell remains the same.
  3. Will shrink
  4. Will swell

Answer. 2. Size of the cell remains the same.

Question 15. The process of withdrawal of water from a cell through osmosis is called

  1. Endosmosis
  2. Exosmosis
  3. Both (a) and (b)
  4. None of these

Answer. 2. Exosmosis

Question 16. When exosmosis occurs in a plant cell, it is

  1. Plasmolysed
  2. Re-plasmolysed
  3. Non-plasmolysed
  4. None of these

Answer. 1. Plasmolysed

Question 17. Transport of substances across the plasmalemma against the concentration gradient is

  1. Active transport
  2. Passive transport
  3. Bulk transport
  4. All of these

Answer. 1. Active transport

Question 18. Unicellular freshwater animals and most plant cells tend to gain water through the process of

  1. Diffusion
  2. Osmosis
  3. Imbibition
  4. Facilitated diffusion

Answer. 3. Imbibition

Question 19. Fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane was given by

  1. Schleiden and Schwann
  2. Singer and Nicolson
  3. Knoll and Ruska
  4. Huxley

Answer. 2. Singer and Nicolson

Question 20. The phenomenon by which protoplast of a cell shrinks from the wall is called

  1. Osmosis
  2. Plasmolysis
  3. Diffusion
  4. Glycolysis

Answer. 2. Plasmolysis

Question 21. Which of the following organelle is known as ‘suicidal bags’?

  1. Peroxisomes
  2. Lysosomes
  3. Endosomes
  4. Vacuoles

Answer. 2. Lysosomes

Question 22. Name the ‘powerhouse of the cell’.

  1. Chloroplast
  2. Chromoplast
  3. Mitochondrion
  4. Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer. 3. Mitochondrion

Question 23. In plant cells, Golgi apparatus is known as

  1. Dictyosomes
  2. Autosomes
  3. Oxisomes
  4. Golgi bodies

Answer. 1. Dictyosomes

Question 24. Light reaction of photosynthesis takes place in which part of chloroplast?

  1. Stroma
  2. Grana
  3. Cristae
  4. F1 particles

Answer. 2. Grana

Question 25. ______ serve as osmoregulatory organelles in protozoans.

  1. Vacuoles
  2. Vesicles
  3. Lumen
  4. Saccules

Answer. 1. Vacuoles

Question 26. Which one of the following has its own DNA?

  1. Mitochondria
  2. Dictyosome
  3. Lysosome
  4. Peroxisome

Answer. 1. Mitochondria

Question 27. The main arena of various types of activities of a cell is

  1. Plasma membrane
  2. Mitochondrion
  3. Cytoplasm
  4. Nucleus

Answer. 3. Cytoplasm

Question 28. In mitochondria, protons accumulate in the

  1. Outer membrane
  2. Inner membrane
  3. Intermembrane space
  4. Matrix

Answer. 3. Intermembrane space

Question 29. Which one of the following is not considered as a part of the endo-membrane system?

  1. Golgi complex
  2. Peroxisome
  3. Vacuole
  4. Lysosome

Answer. 2. Peroxisome

Question 30. Which one of the following organisms is not an example of eukaryotic cells?

  1. Escherichia coli
  2. Euglena viridis
  3. Amoeba proteus
  4. Paramecium caudatum

Answer. 1. Escherichia coli

Question 31. Which of the following can be made into crystal?

  1. A bacterium
  2. An amoeba
  3. A virus
  4. A sperm

Answer. 3. A virus

Question 32. A cell will swell up if

  1. The concentration of water molecules in the cell is higher than the concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium.
  2. The concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium is higher than water molecules concentration in the cell.
  3. The concentration of water molecules is same in the cell and in the surrounding medium.
  4. Concentration of water molecules does not matter.

Answer. 2. The concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium is higher than water molecules concentration in the cell.

Question 33. Chromosomes are made up of

  1. DNA
  2. Protein
  3. DNA and protein
  4. RNA

Answer. 3. DNA and protein

Question 34. Which of these options are not a function of ribosomes?

(1) It helps in the manufacture of protein molecules.

(2) It helps in the manufacture of enzymes.

(3) It helps in the manufacture of hormones.

(4) It helps in the manufacture of starch molecules.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (3) and (4)
  4. (4) and (1)

Answer. 3. (3) and (4)

Question 35. Which of these is not related to endoplasmic reticulum?

  1. It behaves as transport channel for proteins between nucleus and cytoplasm.
  2. It transports materials between various regions in cytoplasm.
  3. It can be the site of energy generation.
  4. It can be the site for some biochemical activities of the cell.

Answer. 3. It can be the site of energy generation.

Question 36. Following are a few definitions of osmosis, soread carefully and select the correct definition.

  1. Movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane.
  2. Movement of solvent molecules from its higher concentration to lower concentration.
  3. Movement of solvent molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration of solution through a permeable membrane.
  4. Movement of solute molecules from lower concentration to higher concentration of solution through a semipermeable membrane.

Answer. 1. Movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane.

Question 37. Plasmolysis in a plant cell is defined as

  1. Breakdown (lysis) of plasma membrane in hypotonic medium.
  2. Shrinkage of cytoplasm in hypertonic medium.
  3. Shrinkage of nucleoplasm
  4. None of the above

Answer. 2. Shrinkage of cytoplasm in hypertonic medium.

Question 38. Which of the following is covered by a single membrane?

  1. Mitochondria
  2. Vacuole
  3. Lysosome
  4. Plastid

Answer. 2. Vacuole

Question 39. Find out the false sentence.

  1. Golgi apparatus is involved with the formation of lysosomes.
  2. Nucleus, mitochondria and plastid have DNA and hence, they are able to make their own structural proteins.
  3. Mitochondria is said to be the power house of the cell as ATP is generated in them.
  4. Cytoplasm is known as protoplasm.

Answer. 1. Golgi apparatus is involved with the formation of lysosomes.

Question 40. Find out the correct sentence.

  1. Enzymes packed in lysosomes are made through RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum).
  2. Rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum produce lipid and protein, respectively.
  3. Endoplasmic reticulum is related with the destruction of plasma membrane.
  4. Nucleoid is present inside the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic nucleus.

Answer. 1. Rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum produce lipid and protein, respectively.

Question 41. Which cell organelle plays a crucial role in detoxifying many poisons and drugs in a cell?

  1. Golgi apparatus
  2. Lysosomes
  3. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  4. Vacuoles

Answer. 3. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 42. The proteins and lipids, essential for building the cell membrane are manufactured by

  1. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
  2. Golgi apparatus
  3. Plasma membrane
  4. Mitochondria

Answer. 1. Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 43. The undefined nuclear region of prokaryotes are also known as

  1. Nucleus
  2. Nucleolus
  3. Nucleic acid
  4. Nucleoid

Answer. 4. Nucleoid

Question 44. The cell organelle involved in forming complex sugars from simple sugars are

  1. Endoplasmic reticulum
  2. Ribosomes
  3. Plastids
  4. Golgi apparatus

Answer. 4. Golgi apparatus

Question 45. Which out of the following is not a function of vacuole?

  1. Storage
  2. Providing turgidity and rigidity to the cell.
  3. Waste excretion
  4. Locomotion

Answer. 4. Locomotion

Question 46. Amoeba acquires its food through a process, termed as

  1. Exocytosis
  2. Endocytosis
  3. Plasmolysis
  4. Exocytosis and endocytosis

Answer. 2. Endocytosis

Question 47. The cell wall of which one of these is not made up of cellulose?

  1. Bacteria
  2. Hydrilla
  3. Mango tree
  4. Cactus

Answer. 1. Bacteria

Question 48. Silver nitrate solution is used to study

  1. Endoplasmic reticulum
  2. Golgi apparatus
  3. Nucleus
  4. Mitochondria

Answer. 2. Golgi apparatus

Question 49. Organelle other than nucleus, containing DNA is

  1. Endoplasmic reticulum
  2. Golgi apparatus
  3. Mitochondria
  4. Lysosome

Answer. 3. Mitochondria

Question 50. Kitchen of the cell is

  1. Mitochondria
  2. Endoplasmic reticulum
  3. Chloroplast
  4. Golgi apparatus

Answer. 3. Chloroplast

Question 51. Lipid molecules in the cell are sythesized by

  1. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  2. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
  3. Golgi apparatus
  4. Plastids

Answer. 1. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 52. Cell arising from pre-existing cell was stated by

  1. Haeckel
  2. Virchow
  3. Hooke
  4. Schleiden

Answer. 2. Virchow

Question 53. Cell theory was given by

  1. Schleiden and Schwann
  2. Virchow
  3. Hooke
  4. Haeckel

Answer. 1. Schleiden and Schwann

Question 54. The only cell organelle seen in prokaryotic cell is

  1. Mitochondria
  2. Ribosomes
  3. Plastids
  4. Lysosomes

Answer. 2. Ribosomes

Question 55. Organelle without a cell membrane is

  1. Ribosome
  2. Golgi apparatus
  3. Chloroplast
  4. Nucleus

Answer. 1. Ribosome

Question 56. 1 μm is

  1. 10-6 m
  2. 10-9 m
  3. 10-10 m
  4. 10-3 m

Answer. 1. 10-6 m

Question 57. Lysosome arises from

  1. Endoplasmic reticulum
  2. Golgi apparatus
  3. Nucleus
  4. Mitochondria

Answer. 2. Golgi apparatus

Question 58. Living cells were discovered by

  1. Robert Hooke
  2. Purkinje
  3. Leeuwenhoek
  4. Robert Brown

Answer. 3. Leeuwenhoek

Question 59. Select the odd one out from the following.

  1. The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane is affected by the amount of substances dissolved in it.
  2. Membranes are made of organic molecules like proteins and lipids.
  3. Molecules soluble in organic solvents can easily pass through the membrane.
  4. Plasma membranes contain chitin sugar in plants.

Answer. 4. Plasma membranes contain chitin sugar in plants.

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